Ken Kesey – One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest
This novel likely played a role in the move away from institutionalization for mental health patients, and more humane treatment for those who genuinely needed it.
It is also a parable for the hierarchical, rules-for-rules’-sake approach to life versus a more free-spirited approach. Both are bad in excess, but the one personified by Nurse Ratched is inarguably worse.